Plesz, Bendegúz and Boda, Zsolt (2026) Quickly, efficiently or lawfully? Citizens’ expectations regarding democratic restoration. Project Report. TK, TK KDK.
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MORES jelentes demokratikus helyreallitas Plesz 2026 10 15.pdf - Other Available under license Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
A magyar társadalom közel kétharmada (64,1%) a jogszerű és hatékony, de időigényes demokratikus helyreállítást választja, ha a gyorsaság, a hatékonyság és a jogszerűség közül csak kettőt kaphat meg. Ivan Krastev szerint a populista korszak utáni kormányok éppen ebbe a háromszögbe szorulnak bele: a választók gyorsaságot várnak, a gyors és hatékony út viszont jellemzően a jogszerűség rovására megy (Political Capital, 2025). Jelentésünk azt vizsgálja, hogy a magyar állampolgárok melyik kompromisszumot fogadnák el, és hogy ezt a választást mennyire alakítja a pártkötődés és az érzelmi felfokozottság. Három eredményt emelünk ki. Először, a türelmes, jogállami út mindhárom nagy párt szavazóinál többségi preferencia (Fidesz 57%, Tisza 69%, Mi Hazánk 65%), a pártok közti különbségek a kisebbségi válaszoknál jelennek meg. Másodszor, a Tisza szavazói körében nagyobb a gyors és hatékony, de jogilag vitatható megoldás támogatottsága (22%), a Fidesz szavazói körében pedig a gyors és jogszerű, de kevésbé hatékony változaté (17%). Harmadszor, a vezetőkre vonatkozó affektív polarizáció (leader affective polarization, LAP) szintje pártokon belül nem jár együtt a türelmetlenebb, jogilag vitatható út preferálásával. Ez utóbbi nullaeredmény azért figyelemre méltó, mert a felvétel a magyar affektív polarizáció történetileg legmagasabb szintjén készült. Az érzelmileg legfelfokozottabb állampolgárok sem várnak el gyorsabb, jogon kívüli elszámoltatást, mint a kevésbé polarizált társaik. A bizalom sem választja el a türelmetleneket: a jogilag vitatható utat választók érdemben nem bíznak kevésbé sem az intézményekben, sem az elszámoltatás pártatlanságában.
Nearly two-thirds (64.1%) of Hungarian society would opt for a lawful and effective, yet time-consuming, democratic restoration if they could only choose two out of speed, efficiency and legality. According to Ivan Krastev, post-populist governments find themselves caught in precisely this triangle: voters expect speed, yet the fast and efficient route typically comes at the expense of legality (Political Capital, 2025). Our report examines which compromise Hungarian citizens would accept, and to what extent this choice is shaped by party affiliation and emotional intensity. We highlight three findings. Firstly, the patient, rule-of-law approach is the majority preference amongst voters of all three major parties (Fidesz 57 per cent, Tisza 69 per cent, Mi Hazánk 65 per cent); differences between the parties are evident in the minority responses. Secondly, support for a swift and effective but legally questionable solution is higher amongst Tisza voters (22 per cent), whilst amongst Fidesz voters, support is higher for the swift and lawful but less effective option (17 per cent). Thirdly, the level of leader affective polarisation (LAP) within parties is not associated with a preference for the more impatient, legally questionable approach. This latter finding—a zero result—is noteworthy because the survey was conducted at the historically highest level of affective polarisation in Hungary. Even the most emotionally polarised citizens do not expect faster, extra-legal accountability than their less polarised counterparts. Nor is it a matter of trust: those who opt for the legally questionable route do not, in substance, place any less trust in either the institutions or the impartiality of the accountability process.
| Item Type: | Monograph (Project Report) |
|---|---|
| Title in English: | Quickly, efficiently or lawfully? Citizens’ expectations regarding democratic restoration |
| Keywords: | demokratikus helyreállítás, affektív polarizáció, politikai bizalom, elszámoltatás, trilemma |
| Keywords in English: | democratic restoration, affective polarisation, political trust, accountability, trilemma |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) J Political Science > JA Political science (General) |
| Divisions: | Institute for Political Science |
| Research funder: | European Union (EU), MORES project, grant no. 101132601 |
| Depositing User: | Enikő Meiszterics |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Oct 2026 10:07 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Oct 2026 10:07 |
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| URI: | https://openarchive.tk.mta.hu/id/eprint/685 |
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